The stone building of the Chita railway station, or, more precisely, the central part of the station under the dome with its symmetrical wings to the right and left, was founded on Atamanovskaya Street on Sofiyskaya (now Butina) Street in the city of Chita. The building was designed by Gavriil Nikitin. The foundation stone, bearing the inscription "God Save the Tsar," was laid on July 15, 1899. Regular train service on the Chita – Sretensk route was launched that very same day.

On July 8, 1903, the new station building was consecrated. It was a large, two-storey stone building with an uncovered trainshed (platform) that was paved with herringbone bricks. The entrance to the baggage area is on the platform itself. On the right side of the platform is the waiting area for passengers travelling in first- and second-class compartments, and the waiting hall for passengers with tickets for third-class compartments is located to the left of the platform. The station housed a buffet, a bookcase, a barber shop, and a post office. The two-storey building was entirely lit with lamps. Electricity was only installed in 1909. A large wing was added to the station in 1936, and in 1948, a commuter ticket office building was put into operation on the eastern side of the station.

The second major reconstruction of the station and the station square was carried out during the first half of the 1970s. An extension was built onto the main building, where ticket offices, automated storage lockers, and a clock tower were placed. The western side of the station featured a building with rest rooms for transit passengers, as well as a new restaurant, Metelitsa. A left-luggage area was built in 1979 – 1980.